Underwater activities such as free diving or underwater fishing are carried out through a sequence of dives, holding the breath for a variable period of time depending on the discipline in question. This activity, which lasts for some time, subjects the body to oxidative stress due to the variations in the partial pressures of the gases oxygen and carbon dioxide. This long-term oxidative stress can cause damage to cell membranes in the affected tissues, mainly muscle tissue, alveolar tissue and nerve tissue, particularly in the central nervous system, as this is very sensitive to hypoxia.
1 bottle with 60 tablets
Detailed description by constituent:
L-Carnosine: this compound has been shown to be active in preventing the formation of oxidised proteins. In addition, it increases oxygen transport by the red blood cells by boosting the levels of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate in relation to haemoglobin. It also improves energy levels in the muscles by producing ATP.
Guarana titrated to 25% in caffeine: dry extract: this compound was able to improve mental performance during physical effort. It prolongs attention levels over time while simultaneously delaying the perception of fatigue, thus aiding with mental recovery and easing the feeling of tiredness before and after physical effort (especially anaerobic effort).
Curcuma, dry extract titrated to 95% in curcumin: curcumin is a powerful anti-inflammatory. It acts on NF-kB, a pro-inflammatory molecule found in various cells. It leads to a decrease in the expression of Bcl-2 and COX-2. Levels of tissue inflammation are raised after immersion due to hypoxia. Decreasing the levels effectively through the synergistic action of these compounds allows the body to recover faster.
Ginkgo Biloba, dry extract titrated to 24% in ginkgo flavonoids: this constituent can promote the restoration of metabolism in central nervous tissue and protect it from the action of free radicals by improving the cerebral microcirculation and thus improving and accelerating nerve impulse transmission. In addition, other studies have confirmed the stabilisation of red blood cell membranes, which improves circulation. Finally, it has a vasodilatory effect on the microcirculation.
Glutathione: GSH is an endogenous compound which is essential for the body. It protects cells in many tissues from oxidising substances such as free radicals. In the absence of oxygen, hypoxia and metabolism can raise the levels of ROS in various tissues. A supplement of this compound must therefore be given after any prolonged activity to help the body to restore homeostasis and recover faster.
Ascorbic acid: vitamin C, an antioxidant with numerous functions. A cofactor of many enzymes, including those involved in the synthesis of connective tissue, the biosynthesis of noradrenaline and the synthesis of carnitine, it promotes the absorption of iron. This is very important in free divers as regards the hypoxic response of the spleen and the blood count. It prevents lipid peroxidation, which alters membrane signalling, and promotes oxidation.
Niacin: this compound is rather special as it can be synthesised from tryptophan in the body. In certain situations of physical stress, its synthesis may therefore compete with the synthesis of serotonin, a neurotransmitter which is very important for relaxation.
Beta-carotene: retinol or vitamin A is derived from this compound. This is very important as it can improve the body’s immune defences and also affect the hematopoietic system, producing red blood cells and allowing for greater energy efficiency.
Vitamin E: a liposoluble vitamin which protects biological membranes from free radical damage. It is also a platelet aggregation inhibitor which thins the blood and improves circulation and tissue recovery.
Folic acid: an essential vitamin, especially for the immune and hematopoietic systems.
Selenium: very important for the formation of endogenous antioxidant enzymes such as glutathione peroxidase, but also used by countless enzymes in organs throughout the body including the colon, liver, lymphocytes and thyroid gland. Selenium deficiency can compromise the stability of the body’s energy metabolism.
Vitamin B12: in order for it to be absorbed, Castle’s intrinsic factor, a glycoprotein produced by the parietal cells of the stomach, is required. It is essential for metabolism to function as numerous enzymes use it as a cofactor when carrying out energy reactions.
Vitamin B6: this vitamin is essential for the metabolic process of gluconeogenesis from amino acids to function properly. Correct supplementation therefore allows for the recovery of glucose metabolism by the branched-chain amino acids. In addition, its presence is essential for the synthesis of haemoglobin. Approximately 80% is found in the muscles as pyridoxal phosphate linked to glycogen. Since there can be several hours of fasting after apnoea, taking a supplement of this vitamin is essential for recovery and for maintaining muscle reserves.
Coenzyme Q-10: this coenzyme is part of a group found in the mitochondrial membrane which allow the respiratory chain, which creates energy, to function correctly. Unfortunately, many factors including ROS can damage this important process, thus slowing down energy metabolism and accelerating cellular ageing.
Alpha lipoic acid: an amphipathic compound which is involved in various antioxidant reactions such as the regeneration of reduced glutathione and ascorbic acid. It thus assists the other antioxidants present, improving and enhancing their effects. This compound is able to pass through the lipid membrane of cells and therefore acts both inside and outside the cell.
Method of use
The recommended dose is 2 tablets a day after any underwater sports activities.